How Diesel Engine Works as a Generator?

 Diesel generator set is a kind of power supply equipment which uses powerful 12 cylinder diesel engine as prime mover and drives synchronous generator to generate electricity. It is a kind of power generation device with fast starting, convenient operation and maintenance, low investment and strong adaptability to the environment.

1. Introduction

Diesel generator set is a kind of power generation equipment with diesel as the main fuel. It is a kind of mechanical equipment that uses new motor 12 cylinder diesel engine as the driving force to drive generator (i.e. electric ball) to generate electricity and convert kinetic energy into electric energy and heat energy. The whole set of diesel generator set is mainly divided into three parts.

(1) Diesel engine

(2) Generator (i.e. electric ball)

(3) Controller

2. Working Principle

The high quality 12 cylinder diesel engine drives the generator and converts the energy of diesel into electric energy.

In the cylinder of diesel engine, the clean air filtered by the air filter is fully mixed with the high-pressure atomized diesel from the fuel injection nozzle. Under the upward extrusion of the piston, the volume is reduced and the temperature rises rapidly, reaching the ignition point of diesel oil. When the diesel oil is ignited, the mixed gas burns violently, and the volume expands rapidly, pushing the piston downward, which is called ‘doing work’. Each cylinder works in a certain order, and the thrust acting on the piston turns into a force to push the crankshaft to rotate through the connecting rod, thus driving the crankshaft to rotate.

If the brushless synchronous alternator is installed in the same axis with the crankshaft of the diesel engine, the rotation of the diesel engine can be used to drive the rotor of the generator. The induced electromotive force will be output by the generator with the‘electromagnetic induction’principle, and the current can be generated through the closed load circuit.

Diesel generator set is a type of AC power supply equipment of self provided power station. It is a small independent power generation equipment. It uses internal combustion engine as power and drives synchronous alternator to generate electricity.

Modern diesel generator set consists of diesel engine, three-phase AC brushless synchronous generator, control box (panel), cooling water tank, coupling, fuel tank, muffler and common base,etc. The flywheel housing of diesel engine is directly connected with the axial direction of generator front by shoulder positioning, and the cylindrical elastic coupling is adopted to drive the rotation of generator directly by flywheel. The connection method is fixed together by screws to form a whole steel body, which ensures the concentricity of diesel engine crankshaft and generator rotor within the specified range.

In order to reduce the vibration of the set, shock absorbers or rubber damping pads are usually installed at the joint of the main components such as KPV420 high quality diesel engine, generator, water tank and electrical control box with the common base.

Diesel generator set has the advantages of flexibility, less investment and easy start-up. Therefore, it is widely applied in communication, mining, road construction, forest area, farmland irrigation, field construction and national defense engineering, etc.